中国水产门户网报道EU losing aquaculture research position to China
欧盟水产科研领先地位正在被中国取代
译/中国水产频道特邀作者 胡路怡 校对/美国动物蛋白及油脂提炼协会 李鹏
By SeafoodSource staff
16 January, 2013 - Europe is gradually losing its position as the world’s leading center of aquaculture research to Asia, particularly China, according to Jean Dhont, secretary of the ASEM Aquaculture Platform, an EU funded research program promoting EU-Asia cooperation in aquaculture. Europe badly needs to build research relationships in Asia to secure its relevance as well as future seafood stocks from Asia, says Dhont.
2013年1月16日-据ASEM水产平台(欧盟捐资建设的亚欧水产合作组织)的一位秘书Jean Dhont介绍,由于亚洲,特别是中国水产研究的兴起,欧洲水产的研究将逐渐丧失原有的领先地位。为加强亚欧水产业的联系和保证未来亚洲的水产品供应源,欧洲迫切需要同亚洲建立研究合作。
“We need to build partnerships now because in the future Asia will take over the lead in technology and innovation and won’t need us,” says Dhont, a researcher based at the Laboratory of Aquaculture & Artemia Reference Center at Belgium’s Ghent University.
比利时根特大学的水产研究员Dhont表示,“我们现在就迫切需要同亚洲建立合作伙伴关系,因为在不就的将来,如果亚洲将接管世界最先进的创新技术,他们将不再需要我们了。”
Dhont says China has leaped ahead of Europe in the area of polyculture: simultaneously cultivating multiple species of fish, seaweed and shellfish in giant tracts of coast. “Previously it was tradition, but now they’re approaching these in a more scientific way, for instance documenting the positive environmental effects of the polyculture approach … Imagine what the situation would be with coastal eutrophication if they would not be farming and harvesting millions of tons of seaweed on an annual basis from these coastal lagoons.”
Dhont 表示中国在混养技术方面已经远远超过了欧洲,中国沿海可以同时进行多种鱼类、海带和贝类的混合养殖。“之前,这种养殖方式仅仅只是传统,但现在他们用更加科学的方法进行生产。例如:记录一些混养模式带来的良好环境效应;推断评估海带养殖缓解沿海泻湖水体富营养化的作用。”
China is keen to develop coastal polyculture as a "strategic alternative to its stagnating fisheries landings," says Dhont. “Although the West remains focused on monoculture, at least for the time being, there’s particular interest in this more holistic and sustainable approach in using the seas for food and energy production.” Western aquaculture researchers are also keen to study the socio economic aspects of this “to understand who owns what in such large exploitations and who pays for what.”
“中国积极发展沿海混合养殖以取代停滞的捕捞渔业。”Dhont表示,“尽管西方国家依然专注于单一品种的养殖,但至少目前看来,他们对这种综合利用海洋来生产食物和能源的可持续方式抱有极大兴趣。”西方水产业的学者们同时进行着社会经济方面的研究,去尝试着理解面对如此大规模的开发的投资方和获益方.
Dhont believes changing trends in demand offer opportunities for win-win partnerships, and connections with Asia could be vital for Europe. “European producers are often frustrated that they find it hard to get access to the Asian market while cheap Asian product is flooding the European market, allegedly because Asian producers are not burdened by the higher quality and socio economic standards of production Europeans need to cope with … Yet demand in Asia is changing as domestic demand for aquatic products rises … and ultimately we will be seeking production which won’t be adequate to supply our [EU] demand. Hence it’s vital that we establish partnerships in Asia now, so we can jointly tackle the huge challenges and share opportunities for business activities.”
Dhont相信趋势的变换将为亚-欧水产合作提供双赢的机会, 而与亚洲的联系对于欧洲也至关重要。欧洲的生产者常常为本地水产品难以打入亚洲市场而苦恼,而亚洲的水产品却能廉价地进入欧洲。因为亚洲的水产业往往不需要如欧洲水产业那般承担繁琐的品质及社会经济标准。由于亚洲本地的水产品需求量也在不断上涨,最终欧洲将难以寻找到更多了供应源。因此,欧亚水产现在就急需要建立合作,以共同应对将来的严肃的挑战,分享商业机遇。
Funded by the EU and Flanders state government in Belgium, the ASEM Aquaculture Platform has been keen to foster partnerships by inviting Chinese academics to participate at European conferences while also bringing EU entrepreneurs and policy makers to China and Vietnam on field trips.
由欧盟和比利时法兰德斯州政府赞助的ASEM水产平台热衷于提供亚欧水产合作服务。ASEM将邀请中国的水产界学者参与欧洲会议,同时带领欧洲的企业和政府官员前往中国和越南进行实地考察。
While China is moving ahead in key areas of research it remains keen to learn from Western counterparts. Dhont says Chinese aquaculture and fishery academies are particularly keen to send research students and staff to western universities where scientific methodology and discipline is more established. Even though China has made huge leaps to catch up with Western research efforts, its research institutions remain of hugely varying standards and poorly connected, says Dhont. This is due to the absence of any tradition of collaboration. For instance, the Chinese Aquaculture and Fisheries Network (CAFNET) is “strongly committed to seeking internal cooperation but concrete actions are slow to come about.” Likewise, in Vietnam, Dhont and his colleagues spent five years assisting the Vietnamese Network for Fisheries and Aquaculture Institutes (VIFINET) to set up before it was formally endorsed by the Vietnamese government.
虽然中国水产业发展迅速,但依然需要向西方学习。Dhont表示,西方大学的研究方法和学科发展相对成熟,推动中国水产学术研究的良好方式是将中国的学生和学者派遣前往西方的大学学习和进修。尽管中国在赶超西方的科研投入方面已经有了巨大的飞跃,但是中国学术尚未形成一套合理的标准,科研院所相互之间的联系也比较有限。这可能是由于中国的科研界缺乏合作的传统。例如:“中国水产渔业网络(CAFNET)曾经承诺加强国内合作,但是最终的实施缺举步维艰。”同样的,在越南,Dhont和他的同事用了5年的时间建立越南水产渔业网络(VIFNET),才最终得到越南政府认可。
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